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KMID : 0903619950360020231
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Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science
1995 Volume.36 No. 2 p.231 ~ p.239
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Effects of GA3 , Thidizauron and ABA on Fruit Set and Quality of ´ Kyoho ´ Grapes
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Abstract
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This study was carried out to investigate the effects of gibberellin (GA₃), thidiazuron and abscisic acid (ABA) on the fruit set and quality of ´Kyoho´ grapes.
In the first experiment, the vigorous vines with poor berry setting were used as plant materials. The clusters were soaked into GAS (25 ㎎·ℓ^(-1)) or thidiazuron (5 or 10 ㎎·ℓ^(-1)) solutions at 5 days after full bloom (DAFB). At harvest, treatment of GAS increased berry size to 8.05 g as compared to 6.57 g of control plot. Thidiazuron treatment also increased berry numbers to 90.2 as compared to 34.4 of control. The combined treatment of GA₃ plus thidiazuron greatly increased both of fruit numbers (89.4) and berry size (8.61 g). The percent of colored berries in the cluster at harvest was very low in the treatment of GA₃ plus thidiazuron and thidiazuron only, which treatment made the clusters the first and second heavy weight respectively. Soluble solids content (SSC) of grape juice of treated clusters was in the same trend as the percent of colored berries. In the second experiment, the plants which were of moderate tree vigor and good berry setting every year were used as plant materials. The fruit clusters were soaked into GA₃ (25 ㎎·ℓ^(-1)) plus thidiazuron (10 ㎎·ℓ^(-1)) solution at 5 DAFB and then were maintained 30-60 berries per cluster through berry thinning in the late June. Control clusters had 100% seeded berries, whereas GA₃ plus thidiazuron treated clusters had 1530% seeded berries. Regardless of most of seedless berries in GA₃ plus thidiazuron treated clusters, berry sizes (9.43∼10.59 g) of them were somewhat bigger than those (8.58∼10.28 g) of control clusters. Veraison and anthocyanin accumulation of GA₃ plus thidiazuron treated clusters were accelerated. ABA spray to clusters just before veraison also accelerated anthocyanin accumulation and SSC increment of berries. However, treatment of GA₃ plus thidiazuron at 5 DAFB was more effective than ABA treatment just before veraison on the acceleration of anthocyanin accumulation and soluble solid increment. The most effective treatment for the anthocyanin accumulation was twice treatments of GA₃ plus thidiazuron at 5 DAFB and then ABA just before veraison. The more berry numbers in clusters, the less accumulation of anthoeyanin and SSC. On the other hand, combined treatment of thidiazuron with ABA greatly inhibited anthocyanin accumulation and SSC increment compared to ABA treatment. From these results, it was postulated that ABA and thidiazuron have an antagonistic effect on the ripening of grape berry.
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